autumn
Sink into autumn with my listening playlist, full of autumn inspired music from the world of classical music.
What’s your favourite season? I know a lot of people would say autumn (or ‘fall’ in the US). Would it surprise you to I love every season and the changes between them?… sad to see the previous season go, and to welcome the return of the new season like an old friend.
There are many depictions of the seasons in art and music, so I thought I would add a few here and link it to a youtube playlist for you to explore more.
Feel free to add your favourite pieces in the comments section below if I’ve missed something out! You’ll see I’ve included a range of instruments/emsembles/styles/periods and I hope a few that you enjoy exploring for the first time as I have.
1 Chant d’automne, Faure
Sung by soprano Mary Bevan, accompanied by Joseph Middleton
2 Four Seasons, Autumn, 3rd Movement Allegro, Vivaldi
Played by Voices of Music, with solo baroque violin from Carla Moore
3 ‘October - Autumn Song’ from The Seasons, Tchaikovsky
Solo piano Olga Scheps
4 ‘Now the Leaves are Falling Fast’, from On This Island, Benjamin Britten
Sung by Peter Pears, Accompanied by Benjamin Britten
5 ‘September’ from Das Jahr, Fanny Hensel (Fanny Mendelssohn)
Solo piano Diana Sahakyan
6 ‘The Fall of the Leaf’, Imogen Holst
Solo cello Amily Airhart
7 ‘September’ from Vier Letzte Lieder, Richard Strauss
Sung by Renee Fleming, at the Proms, in 2001
8 The Seasons: 1. Autumn, Thea Musgrave
Solo clarinet Concerto played by Victoria Soames Samek, with the BBC Symphony Orchestra, Conducted by Thea Musgrave
9 Pensee D’automne, Massenet
Sung by Huguette Tourangeau, Accompanied by Richard Bonynge
10 Autumn Gardens, Einojuhani Rautavaara
Played by the Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra, conducted by Vladimir Ashkenazy
breathe
Breath control in singing
“Who has seen the wind?
Neither you nor I
but when the trees bow down their heads,
the wind is passing by.”
Christina Rossetti
We breathe and take breath every second, minute, and hour of hour lives. Yet when it comes to singing, we must breathe and use our bodies to regulate air in a slightly different way. Breathing should feel easy, use our whole body, feel relaxed, and aid our music making and communicating. But how often have we truly felt that?
As always, my blog today is not here to teach you the one and only amazing technique to fix your problems or follow for perfect singing. For that you need to work with a trained and trusted teacher who can work with you, your body, your health, and your voice. Every singer will need a different balance of the individual elements.
Instead, I will describe what breathing well does, give some guidance for better breathing, ways to balance the different things that might be going against your goals, and talk about techniques to calm anxiety. I hope I might guide you to improve your knowledge and ability to assess your own breathing needs. If you have health concerns, consult your Doctor before trying any new exercises.
The Body
Breathing is part of what is known as the autonomic nervous system, or ANS. These automatic body functions are mostly involuntary, and include things like:
Digestion
Speed of breathing
Body Temperature
Regulating blood pressure
By regulating your breathing through exercise or for instance singing, you can regulate your your ANS, which in turn has the following benefits:
Lowers heart rate
Relaxes the body and mind
Regulates blood pressure
Lowers the release of the hormone cortisol, known as the stress hormone
Diaphragmatic Breathing
Pupils and fans of tv singing shows all know that diaphragmatic breathing is needed in singing. But what does that actually mean? And why is it good for singing?
The diaphragm is just one of the many muscles that we need to use to breathe.
Our bodies need to feel loose and relaxed when we sing both for good breathing and resonance, so try to include some stretches that feel like they relax and lengthen your body so you start in a neutral state without tension.
Your intercostal muscles between your ribs help expand your rib cage to allow your lungs to fill with air. The diaphragm is below the lungs and contracts on inhalation to make extra space for the lungs to fill and move into.
In order to breathe well, we need to breathe deeply with movement and expansion around the 360 degrees of the trunk of our body.
Deep breaths should be slower, without tension, and more relaxed. Shallow breaths are often made higher the body, and tend to be more tense, sometimes faster. You can experiment with this and feel the difference for yourself. We know we want as little tension as possible when we sing, so deep, slow, low breaths using the diaphragm and filling our lungs more fully is preferable.
For some people, focussed breathing or breathing exercises might increase their anxiety or be bad for their health- so take care to pay attention to your own body and mind, and only continue if you feel happy to do so.
Breath Control
Once that breathe has been taken, it is important not to let it out without control. Good imagery to explain this is the bellow taking in air and expelling it with focus through the small opening. Or a balloon being filled with air, and being let go to produce a long sound as it expels the air slowly through the small neck of the balloon.
We’ve noted how to expand our ‘bellows’ or ‘balloon’ by expanding around the trunk of our body, and we must now think of the air when expelled . It travels up the trachea (wind pipe) and out through the mouth, first meeting resistance in the larynx through the vocal folds. The vocal folds meet together in a waving/pulsing motion at great speed to make sound as the air passes through. We use our bodies to gently support the voice, and regulate the expulsion of air so that it is is gentle, not tense or forced, and the correct speed. Each singer will will find their body works slightly differently and needs different elements tweaked through their lives to support the sound they wish to make.
These are the basic concepts of breathing and breath control in singing that are needed to make sound that is healthy and sustainable. Not all types of singing, emotions, repertoire or voice production will need the same levels of breath support or the same breath, so at all times ask yourself questions about your voice:
Does is feel comfortable?
Is it sustainable?
Do I like the sound I am making?
Can I make the sound more sustainable/comfortable by changing something?
As ever, let me know in the comments if you have any thoughts or feelings about this months blog, and if you would like to read about some more exercises for anxiety or better breathing click on the link below.
love
Tips for singers and other musicians on how to convey love in their music.
‘And the stars were shining, and the earth was scented. The gate of the garden creaked and a footstep grazed the sand… Fragrant, she entered and fell into my arms.’
translation into English, from Tosca, by Puccini
Love is the emotion we are probably asked to convey more than any other, in music. This month, my blog is going to give you some singing and performance tips and tricks on how to convey the emotion of love in your singing or music performance. Whether new to performance or a pro, these are some of the ways to experiment as part of your practise to leave the audience in no doubt of what you are trying to convey, without having to make a heart with your hands!
1 Text, context, character, historical research.
If you are singing something in/from an opera or musical, make sure you understand your character and the plot before and after your aria. You need to find out if your character really means it. Are they so madly in love as to make the eventual heartache/tragedy even more poignant? Or perhaps your character isn’t sure, they have some questions. Is your character merely full of lust instead of love? You might want to think of ways to convey this in your performance - is your voice or body language fully committed to the words you are saying? By experimenting in your own practise you will try out a multitude of versions, perhaps also trying out some different things just as a director might wish to ask you to do in the production.
If you are singing a song or playing an instrumental piece - what is the character you will choose for your performance? How do you choose to convey the meaning of the poem? Has this altered over the centuries? What are the ways other recordings and artists have conveyed the emotional message?
If you are singing or playing a duet, are you playing in harmony? If you are making beautiful music in thirds… love birds are in the air!
2 Thought: Breathe: Sing
Whether singing or playing, the thought must come first. Music and singing are the conveying of an emotional message using language both with and without text. We sang before we had language. We talk by first thinking of the emotional content before breathing and talking.
It will alter the tone and colour of your voice - just as when you talk your voice is different when you are saying the same phrase but with a different emotion.
If your body is playing an instrument, it is also useful to communicate in your playing with your body - if you are impassioned, or full of enthusiasm you may move more.
If you are angry those movements may be more staccato.
If you are calm and serene your movements will be very legato and smooth, perhaps long and flowing.
3 Mirror Practise
It is hard to always know how successful our movements or facial acting are, so don’t forget your best friend the mirror. It not only shows you what you might not want to do, but also what you should do more of. Subtlety not usually connected with displays of love or passion! Whilst your subtlety may be beautiful in a small room - does it read in a Concert Hall?
As you observe your performance check in on these questions:
Do I look like I’m in love? For instance: Smiling, happy, bright face, enthusiastic, long glances and holding eye contact with the other character
Is my body language matching the emotion I wish to portray? For instance: open posture, hugging/selfhug posture, stroking/smooth movements when moving, wide arms and shoulders, legs routed hip distance or so apart not narrow, legs uncrossed, confident walk, relaxed movements or energised excited. We often talk about people who are in love walking around in a daze, or being in their own world. If this is suitable, perhaps you are staring into the distance smiling.
4 Showing emotion in the voice
Adding colour to the voice to portray different emotions is integral to your technical work. The work of breathing and opening into spaces is often done for you if you simply add an emotion, then breathe, then sing. That’s right: singing is not just a list of anatomical movements that will make you a good singer.
Arias and music of great love and passion are usually legato, rich, full, have swells of dynamics. So how will you use this in your performance?
Isolate a phrase or passage and experiment with these:
Any legato passages make sure you are using every inch of space in your voice. Stroke those phrases like the bow on the string
Crescendos and diminuendos in keeping with the era the music is from - always historically informed, obviously!
To add or ensure you are using a rich velvety colour experiment with speaking the phrases with feeling
‘I loooove rich chocolate’ over emphasising the sung quality of the spoken voice, open into the space you will then sing your passionate phrase.
Gently sirening on an mmMMMMmmmm with a crescendo and diminuendo as though you love the smell of what is cooking, or a favourite perfume/aftershave.
As ever, the best way to work on communication is with a teacher who will guide and help you experiment to find your own true performance. What works for one singer or performer will not work for another - so you are looking for your interpretation and technique. This will ensure you sing with your own true voice and complete commitment to the music.
Happy Experimenting!
I’ve made a Youtube playlist on my channel with some of my favourite romantic arias, duets, and trios from opera and musicals. They were all recorded live - and chosen because they feature some wonderful examples of singing and performance. Enjoy researching and being inspired by these wonderful artists.
As always, feel free to leave your comments below - what helps you convey love in a performance? Did I miss something out? Did you find this post useful in your practise?
singing lessons: why do we sing?
The Science and Psychology behind why we sing
Exploring some of the science behind why we sing.
There are lots of reasons that we as humans sing - as a teacher I’ve had pupils come for lessons for all sorts of reasons. Sometimes the reason they started lessons aren’t the same as the reasons they continue, but they are all welcome!
Singing has many benefits for us, some obvious, and some a little more hidden.
Which of these reasons do you recognise?
As a teacher, my job is to welcome you to lessons and help you reach your goals.
One of the first things I do is to ask you what your goals are, establishing some of the reasons that have brought you to my studio.
This is a valuable time for me to find out all about you. Some people wish to learn a certain song or have a goal of singing a certain type of music or for a particular performance, and others simply enjoy the process of learning about their voice and singing music with me each week.
When teaching adult learners it is unusual that someone joins me with no experience of music or singing, so it’s nice to know what that is.
How you describe your past experiences helps me understand what kind of experiences they were - were they all positive? Why did you stop? If there was a particular reason you might prefer not to talk about it, but it is usually apparent in the way you describe the past.
My job is to help you and your voice from our meeting onwards, without negativity or judgement. My studio is a positive space open to all.
So why do we sing? What makes us want to do that or encourages us to meet with others and sing together? Here are some of the psychological reasons why.
Deep breathing
Singing encourages calm, regular, deep breathing, and full exhalation. We know these things to all be helpful for both mind and body. They encourage a feeling of calm, relaxation, reduce stress and blood pressure
Accomplishment
Learning a skill, developing knowledge and ability, gives a sense of accomplishment and pride. We enjoy tasks with slow or fast development that challenge us
Complex task
Singing uses many parts of the brain all at once, particularly if you count performance and memorization as part of the process. Our brains enjoy complex tasks, and these are in turn good for our brains. It is an in-depth focussed activity that forces us to concentrate. If you are learning music to perform in a musical or opera you are also adding in movement and acting. We know complex tasks are good at keeping our brains working well as we age
Connection to others
The act of meeting with others, joining together to sing a song in rehearsal or performance, builds a feeling of connection and bonding that is positive for us.
Communication beyond language
A parent singing lullabies to their baby soothes the infant but also conveys that they matter. The act of singing a lullaby to your child releases the ‘love hormone’ Oxytocin in the parent, and decreases the stress hormone cortisone.
Music makes us feel good
Music has been shown to have a positive effect on people with depressions and anxiety, and to reduce cortisol levels
Conveys Emotion
Singing music helps us to process emotion - we access memories, we convey emotions, we work through our sadness/grief, and we celebrate with song.
‘we sing the blues not just because we are sad, but to give the emotion voice. I think all of us have had the experience of knowing the emotions of a performer by just hearing them sing or play’ - John Lennon, retired professor of Emporia State University
It amazes me that there are so many scientific, measurable benefits to singing! Teaching in schools and privately I have witnessed the joy and mood-boosting effects of singing and music and it is always a wonderful thing to be part of that.I hope you have enjoyed this list, if you wish a more complex explanation, follow the links to some of the science. Why do you enjoy singing? As ever, feel free to comment below.
nourish
Nourishing Mind, Body and your Music. An easy list of 7 things to improve mind and body, for free.
Oak sapling in a jar, Photographed and copyright of Lisa Moffat
It’s cold and dark, we are wrapped in blankets, drinking hot tea, trying to avoid turning the heating on… Here are some simple ways to nourish mind and body as a musician or performer that won’t break the bank.
1. Exercise
If you haven’t already started a fitness goal for the new year - don’t worry! It is totally acceptable to start Any. Day. Of. The. Year. Yes, who knew. It doesn’t have to be expensive, there are easy beginner yoga classes and workouts on youtube, and taking a brisk walk outside is easy and said to be as effective as running.
Taking a 30 minute brisk walk is an easy way of stepping away from your desk or music stand, and returning refreshed ready for your brain to learn more. Set a reminder on your phone to schedule this and make it a habit.
2. Sleep
Too much caffeine, not enough daylight, alcohol, screens, internet scrolling… what’s stopping you from getting a good night’s sleep? We all know our weakness that might be letting us down, make the changes you need to prepare for your best sleep.
Sleep not only helps us learn music, it is the time when our bodies repair - there is no reason not to try get more or better sleep.
3. Meditate
You don’t need training or classes for this, a quiet space or calming music, and 5 minutes are all it takes. Practice slow deep breathing, and letting your mind think of nothing.
Alternatively, some people enjoy exercise for its ability to free the mind - have you tried some Contemplative Running?… google it! (other search engines are available)
4. Eat the rainbow, and make sure protein is in balance with carbs and fats
When we are busy its easy for food planning to slip out of schedule, but it is even more important to support your mind and body when you rely on them to get you through the busy days.
5. Breathe deeply
Breathing calmly, deeply, and easily without effort are all good ways to foster a calm mind and body. There are lots of apps and programmes on technology - some free - to encourage good breathing habits and bring calm.
6. Declutter
You know that drawer that never closes properly?… the pile of paperwork that is never-ending? The music pile that has more added to it than is safe? Make a few minutes in a break to tidy it, move objects to the correct room they should live in, and generally declutter. It’s a five minute job that makes us all feel more calm, easy to do a little and often without feeling overcome.
7. Make Time for Hobbies and Interests
I seem to spend a lot of time writing in my blogs about making time for outside interests, but I think it is one of the most important things you can do. It gives you a new perspective, it challenges your brain and body in a new or different way from your 9-5 (or whatever hours you work as a musician/performer/student!)
It also gives you new experiences and perspectives on your performance. You will meet people from other backgrounds, age groups, and professions, you will work in a new way that might teach you new skills that help in your work. You might make friendships with people out-with your work that are deeper or more interesting.